This course focuses on pathophysiology related to endocrinology, gastroenterology, neurology, infectious diseases, hematology/oncology, and the musculoskeletal system. Emphasizing homeostatic mechanisms and the etiologies of various diseases, students will explore the complex interrelationships between function and dysfunction across multiple levels of biological organization, including molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and systemic levels. Through this comprehensive approach, students will develop a deeper understanding of how these systems interact and contribute to overall health and disease, laying a solid foundation for their future clinical practice. As a longitudinal course, it runs concurrently with the system courses through the didactic phase of the program.